FAA establishes southern-border UAS flight restrictions
By Amber Harrison
The FAA has announced new temporary flight restrictions (TFRs), effective Oct. 16, 2026, prohibiting unauthorized unmanned aircraft system (UAS) operations along the US/Mexico border. The restrictions were developed in coordination with the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the US Department of Defense to address unauthorized cross-border drone activity, including alleged cartel surveillance and trafficking operations.
The restrictions extend 1 nautical mile north of the border, from the surface to 400 ft. AGL. The FAA’s domestic notice identifies a one-year period ending Oct. 19, 2027.
Operational and Legal Implications
- Airspace access: The restrictions prohibit unauthorized UAS operations, including otherwise lawful commercial operations, unless appropriate access authorization is obtained. Operators must review the applicable NOTAMs.
- Authorization process: UAS operators must submit requests to US Customs and Border Protection at least 48 hours before the proposed operation, providing pilot certification, flight details, and aircraft identification. Expedited coordination is available for qualifying emergency operations.
- Counter-UAS coordination: The restrictions support federal security operations involving counter-drone capabilities, including directed energy systems. The TFR itself does not independently expand statutory counter-UAS authorities.
- Interagency governance: The framework illustrates the growing interaction between the FAA’s airspace responsibilities and DHS/defense security missions, raising questions about operational coordination, risk management, and protection of legitimate airspace users.
The security rationale is noteworthy, but implementation will be critical. VAI supports appropriate measures to address unauthorized UAS activity while emphasizing transparent access procedures, effective interagency coordination, and preservation of legitimate aviation operations.
The three TFRs are:
- ZLA 6/9954 (Los Angeles Center airspace—covering the California/Arizona border area)
- ZAB 6/9978 (Albuquerque Center airspace—covering Arizona, New Mexico, and west Texas)
- ZHU 6/9956 (Houston Center airspace—covering central and south Texas).
For details on each TFR, visit the Federal NOTAM System and the domestic notice.
Amber Harrison is VAI’s director of regulatory affairs.
