FCC builds on lessons learned with adoption of Upper C-band auction plan Move represents next phase in balancing demand for wireless broadband with protecting critical aviation systems. By Amber Harrison The US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on Jul. 24 adopted rules to auction 160 MHz of spectrum in the Upper C-band (3.98–4.14 GHz) for commercial wireless services by July 2027. The commission’s vote expands upon the spectrum that was repurposed during the original C-band proceeding in 2020. This latest development is more than just another spectrum auction. It represents the next phase of a yearslong effort to balance the nation’s growing demand for wireless broadband with the need to protect critical aviation systems. Underlying the move are several important ramifications for the vertical aviation industry: • The next chapter in the C-band story. Many in aviation remember the disruption surrounding the original C-band deployment, when concerns emerged that new 5G transmissions could interfere with aircraft radio altimeters operating in adjacent spectrum. Those concerns led to aircraft operating restrictions, temporary mitigations, extensive FAA testing, and, ultimately, a nationwide effort to retrofit or replace vulnerable radio altimeters. Last week’s FCC action builds on those lessons. • A more coordinated approach between aviation and telecommunications. Unlike the original C-band rollout, which many viewed as occurring before aviation concerns had been fully addressed, this proceeding was developed with significantly greater coordination between the FCC and the FAA. The implementation timeline is designed to allow completion of ongoing radio altimeter (RADALT) modernization efforts before commercial operations begin in the newly auctioned spectrum. • RADALT requirements. Helicopters rely heavily on radio altimeters during offshore operations, air ambulance missions, IFR approaches, and other low-altitude operations where precise altitude information is critical. While the immediate operational impacts of the FCC’s action are expected to be limited, we will soon see RADALT update requirements being implemented. • The broader spectrum picture. Demand for midband spectrum continues to grow as wireless providers expand 5G networks and prepare for future generations of communications technology. This proceeding demonstrates that aviation will likely continue to be a key stakeholder whenever spectrum adjacent to aviation systems is considered for repurposing. Successfully integrating these competing interests will remain an important policy challenge over the coming decade. Amber Harrison is VAI’s director of regulatory affairs.
